Public political tolerance of the far right in contemporary Western Europe

Political initiatives promoting a far-right agenda have gained significant political influence in Western European democracies. This has occurred despite apparent broad-based public rejection of Europe’s Nazi past. is puzzle, since there are affinities between the old and new far right. article addresses that puzzle. Theoretically, distinguishes broad narrow interpretations what it means to reject Empirically, shows how well-established survey experimental template reveals substantive variations tolerance For citizens five key democracies, rejecting past only explicitly identified as neo-Nazi. other initiatives, more common increases accordance with these initiatives’ institutionalisation party system. parties fully institutionalised system, at same level for parties.